Terms starting with “I”

Entity that reviews the soundness of independent tests and system compliance with all stated security controls and risk mitigation actions. IVAs will be designated by the authorizi...

A comprehensive review, analysis, and testing, (software and/or hardware) performed by an objective third party to confirm (i.e., verify) that the requirements are correctly define...

"Records produced by a that supports (e.g., VOTE-CAPTURE DEVICE VOTER VERIFICATION and EBM)." VVSG. VVPAT 2007

Without assistance from an election worker or other person.

A figure which is designed to measure the degree of deviation from proportionality in the allocation of seats to parties or groupings which participated in the election. It is most...

A ballot containing a list in columns of all candidates of each party, enabling the voter to cast a by marking the top on one column to vote for every candidate in that STRAIGHT-PA...

An occurrence or sign that an incident may have occurred or may be in progress.

When implementing OPSEC principles, it is important to think through how adversaries can aggregate sensitive pieces of information, referred to as indicators, to form a bigger pict...

The mechanism by which a selection for a specific contest option automatically selects other linked contest options. An example is a straight party selection that causes indirect s...

Allowing the voter to verify a representation of her ballot by using a software or hardware intermediary. Cf. VERIFIABLE. DIRECTLY

A citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence. Agencies may, consistent with individual practice, choose to extend the protections of the Pri...

Ability to associate positively the identity of a user with the time, method, and degree of access to an information system.

An assessment object that includes people applying specifications, mechanisms, or activities. Source: NIST SP 800-39

An information system used to control industrial processes such as manufacturing, product handling, production, and distribution. Industrial control systems include supervisory con...

General term that encompasses several types of control systems, including supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, distributed control systems (DCS), and other con...

the use of Internet of Things technologies in manufacturing and industry. (UK 2016)

a high-speed, low-latency interconnect standard used in high-performance computing (HPC), supercomputers, and AI data centers

Natural language description, possibly supplemented by mathematical arguments, demonstrating the correspondence of the functional specification to the high-level design. (CNSSI-400...

1. Facts and ideas, which can be represented (encoded) as various forms of data. 2. Knowledge -- e.g., data, instructions -- in any medium or form that can be communicated between...

Any information technology, equipment, or interconnected system or subsystem of equipment that processes, transmits, receives, or interchanges data or information.

Includes all categories of ubiquitous technology used for the gathering, storing, transmitting, retrieving, or processing of information (e.g., microelectronics, printed circuit bo...

The measures that protect and defend information and information systems by ensuring their availability, integrity, and confidentiality.

Measures that protect and defend information and information systems by ensuring their availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality, and non- repudiation. These measure...

Individual who works IA issues and has real-world experience plus appropriate IA training and education commensurate with their level of IA responsibility. (CNSSI-4009) (NISTIR)