Terms starting with “R”

Ransomware as a Service

Contest between candidates

Reports Analysis Division. The FEC division that reviews campaign finance reports.

(RFID) A form of automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) that uses electric or magnetic fields at radio frequencies to transmit information. SOURCE: SP 800-98

A software product of Hart Intercivic used to run satellite collection sites, allowing CAST VOTE to be read from PC Cards and transmitted over a modem to the RECORDS MOBILE BALLOT...

An of voting machines selected at random. "Following each primary, general, AUDIT coordinated, or congressional district vacancy election, the secretary of state shall publicly ini...

A device or algorithm that outputs a sequence of binary bits that appears to be statistically independent and unbiased. An RBG is either a DRBG or an NRBG. (SP 800-90A) (NISTIR)

A "mark on a ballot (other than the MARK) that is used inconsistently, either in or PRESCRIBED near the voting target or the names of candidates." Iowa Admin. Code §721-26.1(49).

(RNG) A process used to generate an unpredictable series of numbers. Each individual value is called random if each of the values in the total population of values has an equal pro...

A process that is invoked to generate a random sequence of values (usually a sequence of bits) or an individual random value. Source: IETF RFC 4949 Ver 2

A set of numbers generated by numerous people, including members of the public, rolling a ten-sided dice to generate the random sequence of ballots to be audited in a risk-limiting...

A list of ballots to be audited, chosen at random (see Technical Details: Random Selection for more detail). ͳͶ For more information, contact [email protected]

1. The process of maintaining in a manner that prevents associating a CAST VOTE RECORDS particular record with a specific voter. 2. The process of scrambling the order in which can...

A process used in California to determine the ordering of candidates within on the RACES BALLOT. "The Secretary of State shall conduct a drawing of the letters of the alphabet, the...

In some states, a voting machine "must be capable of producing in random order a paper copy of each ballot cast on the system." N.D.C.C. §16.1-06-14(14).

Analog or digital source of unpredictable, unbiased, and usually independent bits. Randomizers can be used for several different functions, including key generation or to provide a...

A vote variation for single-seat contests, in which voters give each candidate a score, the scores are added (or averaged), and the candidate with the highest total is elected.

A voting method in which the voter indicates both a first and a second choice of candidate for an office. If no candidate receives a majority of the first-place votes, the second-p...

A vote variation which allows each voter to rank contest options in order of the voter 's preference, in which votes are counted in rounds using a series of runoff tabulations to d...

A "method of casting and tabulating votes that allows electors to rank the candidates for an office in order of preference and uses these preferences to determine the winner of the...

"A practice that allows voters to rank candidates in a contest in order of choice: 1, 2, 3 and so on. It takes a majority to win. If anyone receives a majority of the first choice...

Malware that holds the victim's device (computer, phone, etc.) and data for ransom (a sum of money or other payment), by means of encrypting the files on the device or preventing a...

A type of malware that blocks access to a system, device, or file until a ransom is paid

(also referred to as "ballot images" or "vote vectors") Raw vote data is data that is stored per cast ballot. This kind of data shows how each voter voted for each race in an elect...