Terms starting with “H”

(ES&S) A component of the ES&S Unity suite that places data on removable media for use in voting and tabulating machines. Abbreviated HPM.

A hardware random number generator (HRNG), true random number generator (TRNG), non-deterministic random bit generator (NRBG),[1] or physical random number generator[2][3] is a dev...

Key that is permanently installed. Source: NSA/CSS Manual Number 3-16 (COMSEC)

"Logic implemented through the design of an integrated circuit; the programming of a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Peripheral Interface Con...

A variant of quota used in proportional representation systems which use the Largest Remainder Method, defined as the total valid vote divided by the number of seats to be filled i...

A voting method in which voters rank the candidates in order of preference. In the first round, only first choices are counted. If no candidate receives a majority, the candidate r...

(vendor) A privately held U.S. corporation headquartered in Austin, Texas that has been providing election equipment and services since 1912.

Algorithm that maps a bit string of arbitrary length to a fixed-length bit string.

A "function that maps a bit string of arbitrary length to a fixed length bit string. Approved hash functions satisfy the following properties: 1. (One-w ay) It is computationally i...

Value computed on data to detect error or manipulation. See Checksum. (CNSSI-4009) (NISTIR)

A numeric value resulting from applying a mathematical algorithm against a set of data such as a file.

A message authentication code that uses a cryptographic key in conjunction with a hash function. Source: FIPS PUB 201-1

The process of using a mathematical algorithm against data to produce a numeric value that is representative of that data. Source: NIST SP 800-72

A method of counting votes where for each vote counted one person reads the vote, and one or more people make tally marks is sets of five marks for each candidate or yes/no vote.

Memory address containing hash total. (CNSSI-4009) (NISTIR)

Memory address containing hash total. Rationale: Listed for deletion in 2010 version of CNSS 4009.

Help America Vote Act of 2002 creates the Election Assistance Commission and expands the federal government's role in elections through mandates, standards and funding.

A natural or man-made source or cause of harm or difficulty.

Human Capital

Human Capital Assessment and Accountability Framework

The registrar of voters "shall designate one of the so appointed or any other MODERATORS elector of such town to be the head moderator for the purpose of declaring the results of e...

A "card or ballot which is coded to indicate to a central counter the precinct identity of the marksense ballots that follow immediately." Ala. Admin. Code §307-X-1-.01(7).

(ES&S opscan) A set of marks on an optical scan ballot to identify a particular STYLE. BALLOT

A "data processing document which is coded to indicate to the computer the precinct identity of the ballots that will follow immediately and may indicate to the computer how such b...