Crypto Indicia

Primary definition

A class of system in which encrypted strings or symbols, such as barcodes or hash VVPAT codes, are printed on the paper record for security purposes, generally to prevent forgery or alteration of the ballot. Unfortunately, the voter is unable to read these indicia and therefore in unable to completely verify her ballot. For example, the security code may indicate that the ballot is a forgery, but the voter is unable to discover this fact in the course of voting. Cf. NO INDICIA.

Also known ascrypto-indicia · cryptographic indicia · encrypted indicia · crypto codes · cryptographic codes · hash codes · VVPAT codes · security indicia · encrypted symbols · crypto barcodes · cryptographic barcodes · CI
1 sources cited4 related termsReviewed Aug 9, 2026
Electronic Voting GlossaryView source

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EVG
Carnegie Mellon University

A class of system in which encrypted strings or symbols, such as barcodes or hash VVPAT codes, are printed on the paper record for security purposes, generally to prevent forgery or alteration of the ballot. Unfortunately, the voter is unable to read these indicia and therefore in unable to completely verify her ballot. For example, the security code may indicate that the ballot is a forgery, but the voter is unable to discover this fact in the course of voting. Cf. NO INDICIA.

Electronic Voting Glossary · 2024

Cite this term

Permanent URL · stable across revisions
Election Security Glossary. (2026). Crypto Indicia. In Election Security Glossary. Retrieved August 22, 2026, from https://electionsecurityglossary.com/glossary/crypto-indicia

Sources

1 cited · last checked Aug 9, 2026

01

Electronic Voting Glossary
Electronic Voting Glossary

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